Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy
Sulima A.N., Bakharovskaya A.S.
Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSEP) is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy when the fetal egg attaches to the scar tissue of the uterus after a previous cesarean section (CS).
This review presents the data on the etiology, pathogenesis and incidence of CSEP. The present study analyzed the risk factors associated with CS surgery and invasive procedures within the uterine cavity following CS. The morphologic forms of CSEP are described. Current methods for diagnosing and treating CSEP with their advantages and disadvantages are presented. The most frequent diagnoses observed in CSEP are vaginal bleeding, large masses on the anterior surface of the uterus, cervico-isthmic pregnancy, missed miscarriage with low location of the fetal egg, incomplete abortion, etc. These findings were obtained from a review of medical literature. This paper describes the complications of this pathology, the most common of which is profuse bleeding. It also studies preventive measures and methods of rehabilitation for this type of ectopic pregnancy.
Conclusion: CSEP is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication following CS. Understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of this condition should be relevant today for a practicing obstetrician-gynecologist and doctors of other specialties. Therefore, it is essential to ensure the accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis, minimize performing unreasonable CS, provide reliable treatment, and be sure to carry out rehabilitation after CSEP.
Authors’ contributions: Sulima A.N. – developing the concept and design of the study, editing the article; Bakharovskaya A.S. – collecting and processing the material, writing the text.
Conflicts of interest: Authors declare lack of the possible conflicts of interests.
Funding: The study was conducted without sponsorship. None of the authors has any financial interest in the materials or methods presented.
For citation: Sulima A.N., Bakharovskaya A.S. Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2024; (9): 174-179 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2024.145
Keywords
ectopic pregnancy
uterine scar
cesarean section
diagnosis
management
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Received 25.03.2024
Accepted 25.06.2024
About the Authors
Anna N. Sulima, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Professor of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology № 1, Order of the Labor Red Banner Medical Institute named after S. I. Georgievsky, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, 295051, Russia, Republic of Crimea, Simferopol, Lenin blvd., 5/7, +7(978)764-82-00,gsulima@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2671-6985
Anastasiya S. Bakharovskaya, student at the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology № 1, Order of the Labor Red Banner Medical Institute named
after S.I. Georgievsky, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, 295051, Russia, Republic of Crimea, Simferopol, Lenin blvd., 5/7, +7(978)755-00-78,
nastyabakharovskaya@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1489-0289
Corresponding author: Anna N. Sulima, gsulima@yandex.ru
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