Iron deficiency in Russia: main problems and possible solutions
The paper reviews the current epidemiological problems of iron deficiency and anemia in Russia. The authors place emphasis on women of reproductive age and pregnant women who represent the most socially significant group of the population. Morbidity rates and population characteristics of the problem are presented in detail. The paper examines the significance of global medical and social issues and the consequences of iron deficiency, issues related to the quality of life, clinical manifestations, the impact on reproductive function and the consequences of pregnancy. The authors give a detailed description of the modern understanding of iron metabolism, its regulation, mechanisms of absorption and transportation, and possible schemes for the development of iron deficiency. The authors explain the role of such iron regulatory proteins as divalent metallotransporter, ferroportin, hepcidin and their interaction, the values of other metals involved in iron metabolism, such as copper and manganese. The pathogenetic aspects of sideropenic and anemic syndromes, their significance in reproductive function and fetal formation are considered in detail. Both classical and novel algorithms and approaches are given. The paper presents modern algorithms for the treatment of latent iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia, possible approaches and recommendations of various medical specialists. This paper attempts to show the most effective medications and approaches to their use in women with iron deficiency anemia. The advantages of liquid medications are described; the most effective doses, regimens, and duration of their use are discussed. As a result, the authors summarize all the information, present the simplest schemes for the diagnosis and treatment of different stages of iron deficiency and suggest a new approach to the treatment of iron deficiency, using the previous solution of the problem.Stuklov N.I., Basiladze I.G., Kisly N.D.
Conclusion: Iron deficiency remains a serious problem in Russia. However, there is a possibility that incidence of iron deficiency will be reduced in our country in the near future.
Keywords
iron deficiency
iron deficiency anemia
iron gluconate
anemia treatment
prevention of iron deficiency
women of reproductive age
risk groups
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Received 21.10.2021
Accepted 17.11.2021
About the Authors
Nikolay I. Stuklov, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor at the Department of Hospital Therapy with Courses of Endocrinology, Hematology and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Head of the Course of Hematology; Senior Researcher at the Department of High-Dose Chemotherapy with a Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – Branch of the National Medical Research Radiology Center,stuklovn@gmail.com, 6 Miklukho-Maklay str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.
Irakli G. Basiladze, doctor-hematologist, Department of Hematology, A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Center, Moscow Health Department,
86 Shosse Entuziastov str., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation.
Nikolay D. Kisly, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Department of Hospital Therapy with Courses of Endocrinology, Hematology and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklay str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.
Corresponding author: Nikolay I. Stuklov, stuklovn@gmail.com
Authors’ contributions: Stuklov N.I., Basiladze I.G., Kisly N.D. – development of the article concept, review of publications on the topic of the article, writing the text, editing.
Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Funding: The study was performed with the financial support of Innotech, LLC.
For citation: Stuklov N.I., Basiladze I.G., Kisly N.D.
Iron deficiency in Russia: main problems and possible solutions.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya / Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2021; 11: 237-244 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2021.11.237-244
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