Changes in menstruation after COVID-19 and vaccination
Objective: To study association between COVID-19, vaccination and severity of subjective sensations during menstruation. Materials and methods: 538 women were interviewed using questionnaire posted at social networks. Results: Intensification of unpleasant sansations during menstruation was reported by 19 % of patients who had COVID-19 and by 10.9% of women who were not infected with COVID-19 (p=0.017); the results of PCR tests for COVID-19 were positive in 24,6% of respondents, and unconfirmed coronavirus infection was in 9.9% (p<0.001); 20.3% of women had positive test results for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and 11.2% of respondents women had negative test results or did not undergo test for antibodies; 55.6% of women were hospitalized in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection, and 18.3% of women received outpatient treatment. The dynamics of unpleasant sensations in vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients did not differ significantly. The score assessment of the duration, intensity of menstrual bleeding and intensity of pain in women, who had COVID-19, did not find significant differences compared with women, who were not infected with COVID-19. The duration of the last menstruation was shorter in women vaccinated against COVID-19 than in women, who were not vaccinated: 5 (4–6) and 5 (5–6) days, respectively, (p=0,043). Conclusion: Despite the fact that women who were infected with COVID-19 infection reported on intensification of unpleasant sensations during menstruation more often compared with those who were not infected, detailed questionnaire survey did not confirm significant association betweem the disease and symptoms intensity. Any association between vaccination and intensity of unpleasant sensations during menstruation was also not found.Melekhova M.A., Boklagova Yu.V.
Keywords
COVID-19
vaccination
menstruation
pain
bleeding
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Received 12.08.2021
Accepted 07.09.2021
About the Authors
Marya A. Melekhova, student, Pirogov Russian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, +7(903)180-96-22,melekhovamarya@gmail.com, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0103-85830000-0002-1661-9663, 117997, Russia, Moscow, Ostrovityanova str., 1.
Yulia V. Boklagova, PhD, Head of the Center for Family Planning and Reproduction, National Medical Research Center "Treatment and Rehabilitation Center",
Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, +7(925)895-25-40, yboklagova@med-rf.ru, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4774-909X,
125367, Russia, Moscow, Ivankovskoe Shosse, 3.
Author’s contributions: Melekhova M.A. – the concept and design of the study, material collection and processing, statistical data processing, writing the article; Boklagova Yu.V. – the concept and design of the study statistical data processing, writing and editing the article.
Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Funding: The study was carried out without any sponsorship.
Patient Consent for Publication: All patients provided informed consent for the publication of their data.
Authors' Data Sharing Statement: The data supporting the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author after approval from the principal investigator.
For citation: Melekhova M.A., Boklagova Yu.V.
Changes in menstruation after COVID-19 and vaccination.
Akusherstvo i Gynecologia/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2021; 12: 146-152 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2021.12.146-152
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