Chorioamnionitis: diagnosis and role in complications during pregnancy and fetal development

DOI

https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2024.10

Shchegolev A.I., Tumanova U.N., Serov V.N.
Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia

The article presents an analysis of the literature data on the diagnosis of chorioamnionitis and its role in the complications during pregnancy and fetal development. Currently there are several terms referring to inflammation of the amniotic cavity and membranes: clinical chorioamnionitis, histological (subclinical) chorioamnionitis and Triple I (intrauterine inflammation or infection or both); the criteria for their diagnosis are given as well. The literature data indicate that clinical and laboratory manifestations of the disease are not always accompanied by morphological detection of inflammatory neutrophil infiltration of tissues and positive microbiological studies. Amniotic fluid infection including chorioamnionitis has been noted to be either an initiating event or a common final pathway resulting in childbirth in more than a third of such patients. The detection rate of chorioamnionitis is inversely proportional to the duration of pregnancy. Chorioamnionitis is associated with an increased risk of developing various maternal infectious complications, including bacteremia, endometritis, septic thromboembolism, pelvic abscess and sepsis, uterine atony and postpartum bleeding. Adverse neonatal outcomes include fetal inflammatory response syndrome, neonatal sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, cerebral palsy, necrotizing enterocolitis.
Conclusion: Chorioamnionitis remains the main cause of premature birth, maternal and neonatal morbidity. The available up-to-date findings on the links in the pathogenesis of chorioamnionitis should become the basis for the development of methods for its prevention, diagnosis and treatment, as well as management of pregnancy and childbirth.

Authors’ contributions: Shchegolev A.I. – analysis of the literature data, writing the text; Tumanova U.N. – search and analysis of the literature data, writing the text; Serov V.N. – analysis of the literature data, editing the text.
Conflicts of interest: Authors declare lack of the possible conflicts of interests.
Funding: The study was conducted without sponsorship.
For citation: Shchegolev A.I., Tumanova U.N., Serov V.N. Chorioamnionitis: diagnosis and role in complications during pregnancy and fetal development.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2024; (2): 5-14 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2024.10

placenta

chorioamnionitis

premature birth

pregnancy complications

neonatal outcomes

Full text (in Russian)

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Received 10.01.2024

Accepted 02.02.2024

Alexander I. Shchegolev, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the 2nd Pathology Department, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia, 117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparina str., 4, ashegolev@oparina4.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2111-1530
Uliana N. Tumanova, Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher of the 2nd Pathology Department, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia, 117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparina str., 4, u.n.tumanova@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0924-6555
Vladimir N. Serov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, President of the Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists;
Chief Researcher, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia,
117997, Russia, Moscow, Oparina str., 4.

Chorioamnionitis: diagnosis and role in complications during pregnancy and fetal development

Shchegolev A.I., Tumanova U.N., Serov V.N.

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