Prevalence of human papillomavirus in women with different HIV status in Saint Petersburg

DOI

https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2025.227

Shamaeva N.S., Samarina A.V., Martirosyan M.M., Domonova E.A., Popova A.A., Filatova M.P., Skrybneva T.S., Mozaleva O.L., Prilepskaya D.R., Vinogradova T.N.
1) St. Petersburg Centre for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, St. Petersburg, Russia; 2) Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Pavlov University), St. Petersburg, Russia; 3) Central Research Institute for Epidemiology of the Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor), Moscow, Russia; 4) Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia

Relevance: Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the leading causes of death due to malignant neoplasms in women. The main cause of CC is human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. In contrast to the general population, HIV-infected women are more likely to develop HPV-associated cervical diseases, including cancer. It is known that the prevalence of HPV varies in regions and can change over time.
Objective: To explore the prevalence of HPV in women with different HIV status, who are the residents of St. Petersburg.
Materials and methods: The study included 100 HIV-infected women, who undergo regular medical check-ups at St. Petersburg Centre for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, and 100 women without HIV, the residents of Saint Petersburg. Detection of vaginal and cervical HPV DNA of twenty-one HPV types (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 44, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 82, 73), HIV RNA quantification in plasma, CD4+ lymphocyte counts were performed using PCR. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics were analyzed.
Results: Comparison of the incidence rates of vaginal and cervical HPV in the study groups showed 55% in HIV-infected women in the main group, and 32% in HIV- negative women in the comparison group (p<0,001). Vaginal HPV DNA in HIV-infected patients was detected in 43% of cases, and in 26% of HIV-negative women (p=0.01). Cervical HPV DNA was detected in 32% and 21% of women, respectively (p=0.08). In vaginal swabs from HIV-positive women, HPV 16 was detected most often (14%), and HPV 44 was detected in one of ten patients. In contrast, HPV 44 was detected more often, and HPV 16 and 66 were detected less often in 5% of cases (each type) in the comparison group. In HIV-positive women, HPV 16 (p=0,03), HPV 18 (p=0.04), HPV 39 (p=0.04), HPV 53 (p<0.01), and HPV 68 (p=0.03) were detected more often. In cervical smears from HIV-positive women, HPV 16 was detected in 11% of cases, HPV 44 and HPV 56 were detected in 9 % (each type). In cervical smears from women in the comparison group, HPV 16 was detected most frequently (4% of cases). Cervical HPV 56 was found most often in the main group (p=0.03). In 19% of HIV-infected women, several types of vaginal and cervical HPV infection were detected, in the comparison group, vaginal HPV infection was in 10%, and cervical HPV infection was in 8% of women.
Conclusion: In HIV-infected women, the prevalence of HPV in urogenital tract was higher than in the population. HPV types 16, 44, 56 and 66 were found most often. Seveval types of HPV infection were detected in many patients, that indicates importance of screening tests to detect a broader range of HPV types (not less than 21 types) in women with HIV infection.

Authors' contributions: Samarina A.V., Shamaeva N.S., Domonova E.A., Popova A.A., Prilepskaya D.R. – the concept and design of the study; Shamaeva N.S., Martirosyan M.M., Filatova M.P., Scrybneva T.S., Mozaleva O.L. – material collection and processing; Shamaeva N.S. – statistical data collection; Shamaeva N.S., Samarina A.V. – manuscript writing; Samarina A.V., Domonova E.A., Popova A.A., Martirosyan M.M., Vinogradova T.N. – manuscript editing.
Conflicts of interest: The authors confirm that they have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Funding: The study was conducted without any sponsorship.
Ethical Approval: The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare (Roszdravnadzor).
Patient Consent for Publication: The patients have signed informed consent for publication of their data.
Authors' Data Sharing Statement: The data supporting the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author after approval from the principal investigator.
For citation: Shamaeva N.S., Samarina A.V., Martirosyan M.M., Domonova E.A., Popova A.A., Filatova M.P., Skrybneva T.S., Mozaleva O.L., Prilepskaya D.R., Vinogradova T.N. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in
women with different HIV status in Saint Petersburg.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026; (2): 92-102 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2025.227

human papillomavirus (HPV)

cervical cancer

HIV infection

prevalence

Full text (in Russian)

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Received 21.08.2025

Accepted 27.11.2025

Natalya S. Shamaeva, оbstetrician-gynecologist at the Department of Maternity and Childhood, Center for Combating AIDS and Infectious Diseases, 179,
Naberezhnaya Obvodnogo Kanala, St. Petersburg, Russia, 190020, +7(812)246-70-59, nataljaklokova@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0565-1464
Anna V. Samarina, Dr. Med. Sci., Associate Professor at the Department of Socially Significant Infections and Phthisiopulmonology, Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, 6-8, Leo Tolstoy str., St. Petersburg, Russia, 197022; Head of the Department of Maternity and Childhood,
Center for Combating AIDS and Infectious Diseases, 179, Naberezhnaya Obvodnogo Kanala, St. Petersburg, Russia, 190020, +7(812)246-70-59, avsamarina@mail.ru,
SPIN-code: 2878-7130, https://doi.org/0000-0003-1438-2399
Margarita M. Martirosyan, PhD, оbstetrician-gynecologist at the Department of Maternity and Childhood, Center for Combating AIDS and Infectious Diseases,
179, Naberezhnaya Obvodnogo Kanala, St. Petersburg, Russia, 190020, +7(812)246-70-59, martirosianmm@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8174-5586
Elvira A. Domonova, Dr. Med. Sci., Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Epidemiology of Opportunistic Infections, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Epidemiology, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing,
3a Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, Russia, 111123, +7(495)974-96-46, elvira.domonova@pcr.ms, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8262-3938
Anna A. Popova, PhD, Senior Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 3a Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, Russia, 111123; Associate Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia, popova@cmd.su, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9484-5917
Marina P. Filatova, оbstetrician-gynecologist at the Department of Maternity and Childhood, Center for Combating AIDS and Infectious Diseases,
179, Naberezhnaya Obvodnogo Kanala, St. Petersburg, Russia, 190020, +7(812)246-70-59, marinafilatova1964@mail.ru
Tatyana S. Skrybneva, оbstetrician-gynecologist at the Department of Maternity and Childhood, Center for Combating AIDS and Infectious Diseases,
179, Naberezhnaya Obvodnogo Kanala, St. Petersburg, Russia, 190020, +7(812)246-70-59, skrybneva.tanya@mail.ru
Olga L. Mozaleva, оbstetrician-gynecologist at the Department of Maternity and Childhood, Center for Combating AIDS and Infectious Diseases,
179, Naberezhnaya Obvodnogo Kanala, St. Petersburg, Russia, 190020, +7(812)246-70-59, bonnie@nxt.ru
Tatyana N. Vinogradova, PhD, Chief Physician, Center for Combating AIDS and Infectious Diseases, 179, Naberezhnaya Obvodnogo Kanala, St. Petersburg, Russia,
190020, +7(812)246-70-59, vino75@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1995-4755
Diana R. Prilepskaya, Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Epidemiology of Opportunistic Infections, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Epidemiology, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 3a Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, Russia, 111123, +7(495)974-96-46, prilepskaya.d@cmd.su, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-4299
Corresponding author: Natalya S. Shamaeva, nataljaklokova@mail.ru

Prevalence of human papillomavirus in women with different HIV status in Saint Petersburg

Shamaeva N.S., Samarina A.V., Martirosyan M.M., Domonova E.A., Popova A.A., Filatova M.P., Skrybneva T.S., Mozaleva O.L., Prilepskaya D.R., Vinogradova T.N.

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