Spectrum of significant serum biomolecules and genetic predictors in antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum

Kayumova A.V., Melkozerova O.A., Bashmakova N.V., Malgina G.B., Chistyakova G.N., Tretyakova T.B., Grishkina A.A.

Urals Scientific Research Institute for Maternal and Child Care, Ministry of Health of Russia, Yekaterinburg, Russia

Background: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) poses a serious threat to the life of the mother and fetus. Untimely diagnosis of PAS resulting in delayed treatment may be one of the key causes of serious adverse pregnancy outcomes. Recent studies have increasingly focused attention on various biomolecules that have the potential to diagnose PAS in due time.
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of various molecular biological markers in the antenatal diagnosis of abnormally invasive placenta.
Materials and methods: The analysis of the Russian and foreign research literature databases, namely eLibrary, Medline, PubMed, Embase, Crossref, RSCI, was carried out with the keywords “abnormally invasive placenta”, “placenta accreta spectrum”, “biomarkers”, “antenatal diagnosis”, “epithelial-mesenchymal transition”, “biomolecules”. According to the above goal, 68 literature sources were selected for the analysis.
Results: The significant biomarkers of abnormally invasive placenta and their dynamic change at different gestation periods were described and compared in this review. Biomolecules involved in the pathogenesis of abnormally invasive placenta can be conventionally divided into several groups. These are growth factors, interleukins, signaling molecules, oxidative stress products, microRNA, DNA, and circulating cells. Their content in biological fluids and placenta reflects the activity of pathophysiological processes involved in the formation of abnormally invasive placenta.
Conclusion: Studying the spectrum and concentration of biomarkers of abnormally invasive placenta can contribute to the antenatal confirmation of the diagnosis and severity of this pathology and it can be crucial for improving maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Authors’ contributions: Kayumova A.V., Melkozerova O.A. – developing the concept and design of the study; Kayumova A.V. – collecting and processing the material, writing the text; Bashmakova N.V., Melkozerova O.A., Malgina G.B., Chistyakova G.N., Tretyakova T.B. – editing the text.
Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
Funding: The study was supported within the framework of the State Assignment for Research No. 056-00121-22-00.
For citation: Kayumova A.V., Melkozerova O.A., Bashmakova N.V., Malgina G.B., Chistyakova G.N., Tretyakova T.B., Grishkina A.A. Spectrum of significant serum 
biomolecules and genetic predictors in antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2023; (12): 5-15 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2023.212

Keywords

abnormally invasive placenta
placenta increta
placenta accreta spectrum
biomarkers
biomolecules
antenatal diagnosis
epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Received 04.09.2023

Accepted 25.09.2023

About the Authors

Alena V. Kayumova, PhD, Leading Researcher, Deputy Chief Physician for Quality Control and Safety of Medical Activities, Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, +7(982)62-32-047, kaum-doc@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2685-4285, 620028, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Repin str., 1.
Oksana A. Melkozerova, Dr. Med. Sci., Deputy Director for Science, Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, abolmed1@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4090-0578, 620028, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Repin str., 1.
Nadezhda V. Bashmakova, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Chief Researcher, Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, bashmakovanv@niiomm.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5746-316X, 620028, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Repin str., 1.
Galina B. Malgina, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Director, Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,
galinamalgina@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5500-6296,
620028, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Repin str., 1.
Guzal N. Chistyakova, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of Research Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care,
Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, guzel@niiomm.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0852-6766, 620028, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Repin str., 1.
Tatyana B. Tretyakova, PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher at the Genetic Research Group of the Department of Biochemical Research Methods, Laboratory Geneticist, Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, TBTretyakova@yandex.ru,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5715-7514, 620028, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Repin str. 1.
Anastasia A. Grishkina, PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of Immunology, Clinical Microbiology, Pathomorphology and Cytodiagnosis, Pathologist, Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, xumukyc.ru@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7433-2217,
620028, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Repin str., 1.
Сorresponding author: Alena V. Kayumova, kaum-doc@mail.ru

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