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Obstetrics and Gynegology2022№4
The role of placental macrophages...

The role of placental macrophages in physiological pregnancy and preeclampsia

DOI
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2022.4.5-12

Vishnyakova P.A., Elchaninov A.V., Kiseleva V.V., Muminova K.T., Khodzhaeva Z.S., Eremina I.Z., Fatkhudinov T.Kh.

1) Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; 2) Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; 3) A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem pregnancy complication that is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Today, a large body of data has been accumulated, suggesting that an abnormal maternal immune response in PE is manifested, among other things, as a change in the functional activity of the monocyte-macrophage system, the most important unit of innate immunity. The cause of abnormal placentation underlying PE, especially early PE, may be dysfunction of placental immune cells, namely macrophages. The macrophages are one of the main cellular constituents of the decidua, the maternal component of the placenta, and also play an important role in the development of the fetal part of the placenta, per se being one of the first immune cells of a baby. Depending on their functional state, the macrophages can either stimulate or suppress inflammation, angiogenesis, and the proliferation of neighboring cells. According to the concept of binary polarization, there are two states of macrophages: classically activated macrophages (M1) produce proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. The other type of macrophages (M2) produces anti-inflammatory cytokines and is involved in the elimination of inflammation.
Conclusion: Turning to the key differential markers of macrophages, this review attempts to summarize the current data on the functioning of the monocyte-macrophage system in physiological pregnancy and PE.

Keywords

preeclampsia
macrophages
inflammation
phenotype
polarization
Full text (in Russian)

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Received 12.01.2022

Accepted 21.02.2022

About the Authors

Polina A. Vishnyakova, PhD, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Assistant of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Medical Institute, RUDN University, p_vishnyakova@oparina4.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8650-8240, 117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparina str., 4.
Andrey V. Elchaninov, Dr. Med. Sci., Head of the Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics,
Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, elchandrey@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2392-4439,
117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparina str., 4.
Viktoria V. Kiseleva, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, victoria.kurnosova.1991@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3001-4820,
117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparina str., 4.
Kamilla T. Muminova, Ph.D., Researcher of 1st Department of Obstetric Pathology of Pregnancy, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, k_muminova@oparina4.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2708-4366,
117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparina str., 4.
Zulfiya S. Khodzhaeva, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Deputy Director for Research, Institute of Obstetrics, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center
for Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, zkhodjaeva@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8159-3714,
117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparina str., 4.
Irina Z. Eremina, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Head of Educational Part of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Medical Institute of the RUDN University, eremina_iz@rudn.university, 117997, Russia, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 8.
Timur Kh. Fatkhudinov, Dr. Med. Sci., Deputy Director, A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology; Head of the Department of Histology,
Cytology and Embryology, Deputy Director for Research, Medical Institute of the RUDN University, tfat@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-5764,
117997, Russia, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 8.

Authors’ contributions: Vishnyakova P.A., Elchaninov A.V., Kiseleva V.V., Muminova K.T., Khodzhaeva Z.S., Eremina I.Z., Fatkhudinov T.Kh. – literature analysis; data summation; writing the article.
Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
Funding: The investigation has been conducted within the framework of State Assignment No. 121032500100-3. This has been also supported by the Russian Federation President’s grant MK-1573.2022.3 for young Russian scientists, candidates of sciences.
For citation: Vishnyakova P.A., Elchaninov A.V., Kiseleva V.V.,
Muminova K.T., Khodzhaeva Z.S., Eremina I.Z., Fatkhudinov T.Kh. The role of placental macrophages in physiological pregnancy and preeclampsia.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2022; 4: 5-12 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2022.4.5-12

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