Role of placental mitochondria in the etiology and pathogenesis of complicated pregnancy

Perfilova V.N.

Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia
The paper analyzes the works of Russian and foreign scientists on placental mitochondrial dysfunction as one of the possible causes of the occurrence and development of pregnancy complications. There is a lot of evidence suggesting that the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, and miscarriages is closely related to oxidative stress, proteomic spectrum changes, lipid metabolic disorders, impaired miRNA expression, quality-control system dysregulation, and lower respiratory chain enzyme activity, which occur in placental mitochondria. Although the pathophysiology underlying gestational complications is different, the changes in mitochondrial structure and functions are seen in all cases of a common final stage of cell death and can be a target for pharmacotherapy.

Keywords

preeclampsia
intrauterine growth restriction
preterm birth
mitochondria
oxidative stress
miRNA

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Received 24.07.2018

Accepted 21.09.2018

About the Authors

Perfilova, Valentina N., Dr.Sc (Biology), professor, Department of Pharmacology and Biopharmacy, Volgograd State Medical University,
Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 400001, Russia, Pugachevskaya str. 3. Tel.: +78442978180. E-mail: vnperfilova@mail.ru

For citation: Perfilova V.N. Role of placental mitochondria in the etiology and pathogenesis of complicated pregnancy. Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology.2019; (4): 5-11. (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2019.4.5-11

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