The role of the components of the immune system in preterm birth due to placental dysfunction
Nikolaeva A.S., Tanysheva G.A., Koliado O.V., Remneva O.V., Molchanova I.V., Dyusupov A.A.
Objective: To evaluate the role of the components of the immune system in the pathogenesis of preterm birth due to severe preeclampsia and placental abruption of normally implanted placenta.
Materials and methods: A total of 80 women with induced preterm birth (the main group) were examined. The sample was divided into two subgroups. Subgroup 1 consisted of patients with abdominal delivery due to progression of severe preeclampsia. Subgroup 2 consisted of patients with preterm birth due to placental abruption of normally implanted placenta. The control group consisted of women with term uncomplicated birth. The levels of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) were studied as the predictors of preterm birth.
Results: It was found that IL-8, TNF-α and PAPP-A play an important role in the pathogenesis of induced preterm birth due to severe obstetric complications. Elevation of IL-8 level by 1 unit increases the risk of preterm birth by 2.96 times; elevation of TNF-α level by 1 unit increases the risk of preterm birth by 1.56 times, while elevation of PAPP-A level by 1 unit reduces the risk of adverse outcomes by 0.04 times.
Conclusion: The components of the immune system play an important role in the pathogenesis of preterm birth and placental dysfunction. Research in this area expands knowledge of the mechanisms of severe obstetric complications and is important for prediction of adverse obstetric outcomes.
Authors' contributions: Nikolaeva A.S. – patient selection and examination, statistical data processing, Tanysheva G.A. – concept and design of the study; Kolyado O.A. – manuscript writing; Remneva O.V. – manuscript editing; Molchanova I.V. – review of publications on the topic of the article; Dyusupov A.A. – final approval of the manuscript.
Conflicts of interest: The authors confirm that they have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Funding: The study was carried out without any financial support.
Ethical Approval: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Semey Medical University, Republic of Kazakhstan (2022).
Patient Consent for Publication: The patients have signed informed consent for publication of their data.
Authors' Data Sharing Statement: The data supporting the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author after approval from the principal investigator.
For citation: Nikolaeva A.S., Tanysheva G.A., Koliado O.V., Remneva O.V., Molchanova I.V., Dyusupov A.A.
The role of the components of the immune system in preterm birth due to placental dysfunction.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2025; (4): 79-84 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2025.28
Keywords
preterm birth
preeclampsia
interleukin-8
tumor necrosis factor alpha
pregnancy-associated plasma protein A
References
- Daskalakis G., Psarris A., Koutras A., Fasoulakis Z., Prokopakis I., Varthaliti A. et al. Maternal infection and preterm birth: from molecular basis to clinical implications. Children (Basel). 2023; 10(5): 907. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children 10050907.
- Hoffman M.K. The great obstetrical syndromes and the placenta. BJOG. 2023; 130(3): 8-15. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.17613.
- Boulanger H., Bounan S., Mahdhi A., Drouin D., Ahriz-Saksi S., Guimiot F. et al. Immunologic aspects of preeclampsia. AJOG Glob. Rep. 2024; 4(1): 100321. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xagr.2024.100321.
- Melchiorre K., Giorgione V., Thilaganathan B. The placenta and preeclampsia: villain or victim? Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2022; 226(2S): S954-S962. https://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.10.024.
- Zak P., Soucek M. Correlation of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 and interleukin 10 with blood pressure, risk of preeclampsia and low birth weight in gestational diabetes. Physiol. Res. 2019; 68(3): 395-408. https://dx.doi.org/ 10.33549/physiolres.934002.
- Vilotić A., Nacka-Aleksić M., Pirković, A., Bojić-Trbojević, Ž., Dekanski D. et al. IL-6 and IL-8: an overview of their roles in healthy and pathological pregnancies. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022; 23(23): 14574. https://dx.doi.org/ 10.3390/ijms232314574.
- Лазарева А.Ю., Фаткуллина И.Б. Иммунологические механизмы преждевременной отслойки нормально расположенной плаценты. Архив акушерства и гинекологии им. В.Ф. Снегирёва. 2024; 11(1): 35-9. [Lazareva A.Y., Fatkullina I.B. Immunological mechanisms of preterm abruption of the normally located placenta. V.F. Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2024; 11(1): 35-9 (in Russian)]. https://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2313-8726-2024-11-1-35-39.
- Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Клинические рекомендации. Преэклампсия. Эклампсия. Отеки, протеинурия и гипертензивные расстройства во время беременности, в родах и послеродовом периоде. 2021. [Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Clinical guidelines. Preeclampsia. Eclampsia. Edema, proteinuria and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, labor and the postpartum period. 2021. (in Russian)].
- Белокриницкая Т.Е., Витковский Ю.А., Фролова Н.И. Роль цитокинов и интерферонов при беременности. Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина. 2024; 9(3): 98-108. [Belokrinitskaya T.E., Vitkovsky Y.A., Frolova N.I. The role of cytokines and interferons during pregnancy. Fundamental and Clinical Medicine. 2024; 9(3): 98-108. (in Russian)]. https://dx.doi.org/10.23946/2500-0764-2024-9-3-98-108.
- Вишнякова П.А., Ельчанинов А.В., Киселева В.В., Муминова К.Т., Ходжаева З.С., Еремина И.З., Фатхудинов Т.Х. Роль плацентарных макрофагов при физиологической беременности и преэклампсии. Акушерство и гинекология. 2022; 4: 5-12. [Vishnyakova P.A., Elchaninov A.V., Kiseleva V.V., Muminova K.T., Khodzhaeva Z.S., Eremina I.Z., Fatkhudinov T.Kh. The role of placental macrophages in physiological pregnancy and preeclampsia. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2022; (4): 5-12 (in Russian)]. https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2022.4.5-12.
- Терехина В.Ю., Николаева М.Г., Момот А.П., Кудинов А.В., Строганова Е.В., Хорева Л.А., Ясафова Н.Н., Бубликов Д.С. Сохраняющаяся дисфункция эндотелия у пациенток с ранней преэклампсией в анамнезе и особенности прегравидарной подготовки. Бюллетень медицинской науки. 2022; 3(27): 65-73. [Terekhina V.Yu., Nikolaeva M.G., Momot A.P., Kudinov A.V., Stroganova E.V., Khoreva L.A., Yasafova N.N., Bublikov D.S. Delayed endothelial dysfunction in patients with a history of early preeclampsia and features of pregravidary preparation. Bulletin of Medical Science. 2022; 3(27): 65-73. (in Russian)]. https://dx.doi.org/10.31684/25418475_2022_3_65.
- Bączkowska M., Zgliczyńska M., Faryna J., Przytuła E., Nowakowski B., Ciebiera M. Molecular changes on maternal-fetal interface in placental abruption - a systematic review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021; 22(12): 6612. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126612.
- Tzanaki I., Makrigiannakis A., Lymperopoulou C., Al-Jazrawi Z., Agouridis A.P. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) as a first trimester serum biomarker for preeclampsia screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med. 2025; 38(1): 2448502. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/ 14767058.2024.2448502
- Côté M., Giguère Y., Forest J., Audibert F., Johnson J.A., Okun N. et al. First-trimester PIGF and PAPP-A and the risk of placenta-mediated complications: prediction prospective study. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Can. 2024; 47(2): 1701-2163. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2024.102732.
- Щербаков В.И., Поздняков И.М., Ширинская А.В., Волков М.В. Роль провоспалительных цитокинов в патогенезе преждевременных родов и преэклампсии. Российский вестник акушера-гинеколога. 2020; 20(2): 15-21. [Shcherbakov V.I., Pozdnyakov I.M., Shirinskaya A.V., Volkov M.V. Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of preterm birth and preeclampsia. Russian Bulletin of Obstetrician-Gynecologist. 2020; 20(2): 15-21 (in Russian)]. https://dx.doi.org/10.17116/rosakush20202002115.
Received 11.02.2025
Accepted 17.04.2025
About the Authors
Anna S. Nikolaeva, Researcher at the A.A. Kozbagarov Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semey Medical University, 071400, Republic of Kazakhstan, Semey,Abay str., 103, +7(777)477-82-12, avealokinanna@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2642-5141
Gulyash A. Tanysheva, PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the A.A. Kozbagarov Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semey Medical University, 071400, Republic of Kazakhstan, Semey, Abay str., 103, +7(777)153-53-57, gulyash1965@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-5950
Olga V. Koliado, PhD, Teaching Assistant at the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology with course of additional professional education, Altai State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, 656038, Russia, Barnaul, Lenin str., 40, +7(913)0842530, olga.kolyado@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5812-4925
Olga V. Remneva, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology with course of additional professional education, Altai State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, 656038, Russia, Barnaul, Lenin str., 40, +7(913)2500280, rolmed@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-5984-1109
Irina V. Molchanova, PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology with course of additional professional education, Altai State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, 656038, Russia, Barnaul, Lenin str., 40, +7(903)9491064, molcanova2008@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0741-8974
Altay A. Dyusupov, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Rector, Semey Medical University, 071400, Republic of Kazakhstan, Semey, Abay str., 103, +7(7222)52-22-51,
altay.dyusupov@smu.edu.kz, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0875-1020
Corresponding author: Olga V. Remneva, rolmed@yandex.ru
Similar Articles
