The role of women's preventive reproductive health surveillance in preservation of the nation's reproductive potential
Kotova E.G., Dolgushina N.V., Sakharova V.V.
Rationale: Since 2024, reproductive health surveillance (RHS) have been included in the government program guaranteeing free medical care for Russian citizens. The primary goal of RHS is the timely detection of reproductive system diseases and their associated risk factors that may affect fertility, course of pregnancy, childbirth, and health of future children.
Objective: To analyze the results of RHS for women aged 18–49 years in 2024–2025 and assess the effectiveness of measures for the proactive detection of reproductive system diseases.
Materials and methods: The following information was used for the analysis: (1) updated information on the results of RHS implementation in the framework of territorial compulsory health insurance (CHI) programs, provided by the Federal Fund of Compulsory Health Insurance for 2024 and 2025; (2) updated information on the diseases identified by RHS, provided by the regions of the Russian Federation to the Portal of Automated Monitoring of Medical Statistics (The Russian Research Institute of Health ("TsNIIOIZ"), Ministry of Health of Russia) for 2024 and 2025; (3) data from Federal Statistical Observation (FSO) form No. 12, "Information on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the coverage area of a medical organization," for 2020–2025.
Results: The RHS results demonstrated that one in five women aged 18–49 years was at risk of a disease of reproductive system; the most common risk factors were overweight/obesity, smoking, and diseases associated with high blood pressure. RHS identified reproductive system diseases in 12.4% and 14.4% of women in 2024 and 2025, respectively. Menstrual disorders, pelvic inflammatory disease, uterine leiomyomas, and endometriosis were the most common gynecological morbidities. The prevalence of infertility was 6.4 per 1,000 women aged 18–49 years. An important outcome of the RHS was early detection of breast and cervical cancer. The incidence of diseases detected through RHS corresponded to the incidence of diseases in working-age women, as reported in FSO form No. 12. The implementation of the RHS led to an increase in the detection of reproductive system diseases through preventive medical check-ups and screenings.
Conclusion: The study shows the positive role of RHS in increasing the accessibility and quality of primary specialized healthcare for the early detection and treatment of reproductive system diseases.
Authors’ contributions: Kotova E.G. – conception and design of the study, critical manuscript review, final manuscript version approval; Dolgushina N.V. – data analysis and systematization, drafting of the manuscript; Sakharova V.V. – concept discussion, editing of the manuscript.
Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Funding: There was no funding for this study.
For citation: Kotova E.G., Dolgushina N.V., Sakharova V.V. The role of women's preventive reproductive health surveillance in preservation of the nation's reproductive potential.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026; (4): 5-13 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2026.103
Keywords
reproductive health
reproductive system
medical check-up
gynecological morbidity
prevention
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Received 26.03.2026
Accepted 14.04.2026
About the Authors
Evgeniya G. Kotova, PhD (Medicine), Deputy Minister of Health of the Russian Federation, 127994, Russia, Moscow, Rakhmanovsky per., 3,https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2025-3157
Nataliya V. Dolgushina, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Deputy Director for Research, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4, n_dolgushina@oparina4.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1116-138X
Victoria V. Saharovа, PhD (Medicine), Deputy Director, Department of Child’s Health Care, Maternity and Public Health Services, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 127994, Russia, Moscow, Rakhmanovsky per., 3, https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4996-5542
Corresponding author: Nataliya V. Dolgushina, n_dolgushina@oparina4.ru
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