ISSN 0300-9092 (Print)
ISSN 2412-5679 (Online)

The role of vitamin D in the prevention of pregnancy complications

Latfullina R.R., Sheshukova N.A., Gromova T.A., Prudnik A.V., Yastreb A.V., Levakov S.A.

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia

Vitamin D deficiency is a serious problem affecting a significant part of the female population of reproductive age. Vitamin D acting through vitamin D receptors in the organs of the hypothalamic-ovarian-uteroplacental axis participates in the regulation of implantation, placentation, and organogenesis processes. The analysis of recent research data presented in the PubMed, Embase, eLibrary, and RSCI databases indicates a close relationship between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, spontaneous miscarriages, preterm birth, and operative delivery. Optimization of the vitamin D level helps to normalize metabolic and immune processes, improve fertility and reduce the frequency of obstetric complications. A significant preventive effect is achieved by ensuring an adequate level of vitamin D at the preconception stage and in early pregnancy. Despite the proven efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation, there are still questions about the optimal dosage, the duration of treatment, and the need for regular screening. It is necessary to clarify the algorithms for the correction and prevention of vitamin D deficiency in women of reproductive age.
Conclusion: Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for the normal course of pregnancy and fetal development. Maintaining its adequate level should be considered as one of the key components of preconception care and management of pregnancy, aimed at reducing the risk of obstetric and perinatal complications.

Authors’ contributions: Levakov S.A. – developing the concept of the article; Latfullina R.R., Yastreb A.V., Prudnik A.V. – collecting and processing the material, writing the text; Sheshukova N.A., Gromova T.A. – editing the text.
Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
Funding: The study was conducted without sponsorship.
For citation: Latfullina R.R., Sheshukova N.A., Gromova T.A., Prudnik A.V., Yastreb A.V., Levakov S.A.
The role of vitamin D in the prevention of pregnancy complications.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2025; (10): 5-11 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2025.124

Keywords

pregnancy
miscarriages
gestational diabetes
vitamin D deficiency
cesarean section
pregnancy complications
preeclampsia
preterm birth

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Received 12.05.2025

Accepted 13.10.2025

About the Authors

Raina R. Latfullina, PhD student, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, build. 2, latfullina1997@mail.ru,
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-9453
Natalya A. Sheshukova, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First
Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, build. 2, sheshukova_n_a@staff.sechenov.ru
Tatiana A. Gromova, PhD, Teaching Assistant at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, build. 2, tgromova928@yandex.ru,
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6104-9842
Aleksandra V. Prudnik, student, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
(Sechenov University), 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, build. 2, prudnik-2014@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8536-650X
Anna V. Yastreb, student, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
(Sechenov University), 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, build. 2, Yastrebanna1999@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5595-8619
Sergey A. Levakov, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Russia, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, build. 2, levakoff@yandex.ru,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4591-838X

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