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Obstetrics and Gynegology2021№5
Gestational diabetes mellitus: screening and...

Gestational diabetes mellitus: screening and diagnostic criteria in early pregnancy

DOI
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2021.5.25-32

Abramova M.E., Khodzhaeva Z.S., Gorina K.A., Muminova K.T., Goryunov K.V., Ragozin A.K., Silachev D.N.

1) Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; 2) N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GSD) is the most common complication of pregnancy. As one of the causes of perinatal and neonatal diseases, GSD presents a high risk of chronic metabolic and cardiovascular diseases to both the mother and her baby. Currently, the diagnosis of GSD is based on venous plasma glucose levels at the end of the second trimester of pregnancy and at the beginning of the third trimester. But it should be noted that medical interventions to correct hyperglycemia in these periods are not effective enough and are frequently late to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes in the mother and fetus. Early detection of GSD and, consequently, timely correction of carbohydrate metabolism disorders contribute to the optimization of perinatal outcomes. That is why the problem of diagnosing carbohydrate metabolism disorders in early pregnancy is particularly relevant. This paper reviews the data currently available in the literature on GSD screening and early diagnosis.
Conclusion. Further investigations are needed for the prediction and early diagnosis of GSD to determine the most appropriate strategy for the clinical management of women with carbohydrate metabolism disorders.

Keywords

gestational diabetes mellitus
pregnancy
early screening
diabetic fetopathy
hyperglycemia
oral glucose tolerance test
insulin resistance
extracellular vesicles
glycated hemoglobin
Full text (in Russian)

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Received 18.11.2020

Accepted 25.01.2021

About the Authors

Maria E. Abramova, graduate student in the Department of Pregnancy Pathology, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics,
Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia. Tel.: +7(917)577-12-77. E-mail: m_abramova@oparina4.ru. 117997, Russia, Moscow, Akademika Oparina str., 4.
Zulfiya S. Khodzhaeva, M.D., Professor, Deputy Director of Obstetrics Institute, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics,
Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia. Tel.: +7(916)407-75-67. E-mail: zkhodjaeva@mail.ru. 117997, Russia, Moscow, Akademika Oparina str., 4.
Ksenia A. Gorina, PhD, Junior researcher at the Department of Pregnancy Pathology, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics,
Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia. Tel.: +7(926)649-77-32. E-mail: k_gorina@oparina4.ru. 117997, Russia, Moscow, Akademika Oparina str., 4.
Kamilla T. Muminova, PhD, Junior researcher of the Department of Pregnancy Pathology, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia. Tel.: +7(916)373-77-07. E-mail: k_muminova@oparina4.ru. 117997, Russia, Moscow, Akademika Oparina str., 4.
Kirill V. Goryunov, PhD, researcher at the Department of Cell Technologies, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics,
Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia. Tel.: +7(916)410-88-44. E-mail: k_gorunov@oparina4.ru. 117997, Russia, Moscow, Akademika Oparina str., 4.
Anton K. Ragozin, MD, PhD, assistant professor, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia. Tel.: +7(925)502-31-46.
E-mail: a_ragozin@mail.ru. 117997, Russia, Moscow, Ostrovityanova str., 1.
Denis N. Silachev, PhD, Head of the Department of Cell Technologies, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics,
Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia. Tel.: +7(905)792-13-01. E-mail: d_silachev@oparina4.ru. 117997, Russia, Moscow, Akademika Oparina str., 4.

For citation: Abramova M.E., Khodzhaeva Z.S., Gorina K.A., Muminova K.T., Goryunov K.V., Ragozin A.K., Silachev D.N. Gestational diabetes mellitus: screening and diagnostic criteria in early pregnancy.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2021; 5: 25-32 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2021.5.25-32

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