The role of cell adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia

DOI

https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2021.6.22-28

Shelekhin A.P., Baev O.R., Krasnyi A.M.
1) Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; 2) I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia

This review analyzes the data available in the current literature on the immunological aspects of the development of preeclampsia (PE) and on the involvement of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in its development. It includes the data of foreign and Russian articles found in Pubmed and eLibrary. Despite many studies and theories, the etiology of PE is still unclear. The current idea on the pathogenesis of PE attributed an important role to immunological disorders, resulting in impaired placentation, reduced placental perfusion, and placental ischemia. The increased permeability of the placental barrier and the release of endothelium-damaging substances into blood lead to endothelial dysfunction and a systemic inflammatory response. In turn, these changes affect the function of many organ systems, including the kidney, brain, liver, and heart. The placental barrier separates maternal and fetal blood flows and provides trophic, respiratory, and metabolic functions. CAMs are involved in many processes: immune and inflammatory responses, the formation of intercellular contacts and integrity of the placental barrier, and the regulation of signaling pathways. There is also evidence that CAMs are involved in the pathophysiology of PE, contributing to decreased trophoblast invasion and increased vascular endothelial damage. When the intercellular trophoblast contacts are impaired, the membrane form of CAM passes into a soluble form. The detection of soluble CAM forms can be of prognostic and diagnostic value.
Conclusion. Studying CAMs will allow a more accurate assessment of the severity and a higher reliability in predicting the outcome of pregnancy complicated by PE.

preeclampsia

cell adhesion molecules

E-cadherin

ICAM

VCAM

Full text (in Russian)

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Received 12.01.2021

Accepted 29.03.2021

Artemiy P. Shelekhin, postgraduate student, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University).
E-mail: dr.shelekhin@gmail.com. ORCID: 0000-0002-7682-1329. 2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Oleg R. Baev, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the 1st Maternity Department, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Сenter for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. E-mail: o_baev@oparina4.ru. ORCID: 0000-0001-8572-1971. 4 Ac. Oparina str., Moscow, 117997, Russia.
Alexey M. Krasnyi, PhD, Head of the Cytology Laboratory, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Сenter for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology,
Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. E-mail: a_krasnyi@oparina4.ru. ORCID: 0000-0001-7883-2702. 4 Ac. Oparina str., Moscow, 117997, Russia.

For citation: Shelekhin A.P., Baev O.R., Krasnyi A.M. The role of cell adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2021; 6: 22-28 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2021.6.22-28

The role of cell adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia

Shelekhin A.P., Baev O.R., Krasnyi A.M.

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