Characteristics of modern colorectal surgery: a surgical and gynecological perspective

Chuprynin V.D., Shvagireva S.V., Khilkevich E.G., Chursin V.V., Melnikov M.V., Matronitsky R.B.

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia

Colorectal neoplasms and endometriosis are significant pathologies that require the attention of specialists from different fields of medicine. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer, taking the third place by number of cases in the world and the second place in Russia. Most colorectal neoplasms are benign polyps and adenomas, but their potential for malignancy requires mandatory removal and histological examination. The key method for diagnosing colorectal neoplasms is forceps biopsy performed during colonoscopy. Early detection and removal of such masses significantly reduces the risk of cancer.
Endometriosis is an important interdisciplinary issue attracting the attention of both gynecologists and surgeons. The extragenital forms affecting the colon require differential diagnosis with oncological diseases, due to the similarity of clinical manifestations. To achieve an accurate diagnosis, the following methods are used: transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and laparoscopy. The latter provides the most accurate assessment of the extent of the pathological process.
Surgical intervention represents the standard treatment for both colorectal neoplasms and endometriosis. Various techniques, including shaving, discoid and segmental resection, are used to treat endometriosis. Minimally invasive techniques such as endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) are used for colorectal neoplasms. These techniques can result in good outcomes with minimal risk of complications, improving the quality of patients’ lives.
Conclusion: The analyses of the overall benefits and risks of minimally invasive surgery in the short and long terms have shown that there are still controversial issues to be addressed. There is a need for joint projects between clinicians, engineers and health care organizers to develop and test technologically advanced, minimally invasive devices and instruments for implementation in practice.

Authors’ contribution: Chuprynin V.D. – developing the concept and design of the study, editing the text; Khilkevich E.G. – analysis of the literature data, writing and editing the text; Shvagireva S.V. – collecting the literature data and its analysis, writing the text; Melnikov M.V., Chursin V.V., Matronitsky R.V. – editing the text.
Conflicts of interest: The authors declare no possible conflicts of interest.
Funding: The article was written in accordance with the state assignment ‘Development of an apparatus for discoid transrectal resection of the distal part of the colon for its neoplasms. New approaches, indications, contraindications, technical conditions’, No. MHJG-2024-0034.
For citation: Chuprynin V.D., Shvagireva S.V., Khilkevich E.G., Chursin V.V., Melnikov M.V., Matronitsky R.B. Characteristics of modern colorectal surgery: a surgical and gynecological perspective.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2024; (11): 66-75 (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2024.268

Keywords

minimally invasive surgery
colorectal surgery
colorectal endometriosis
colorectal neoplasms

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Received 28.10.2024

Accepted 15.11.2024

About the Authors

Vladimir D. Chuprynin, PhD, Head of the Department of Surgery, V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia,
117997, Russia, Moscow, Oparin str., 4, v_chuprynin@oparina4.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7856-2863
Svetlana V. Shvagireva, Student, Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of the Russia, 1270064, Russia, Moscow, Dolgorukovskaya str., 4, +7(999)360-18-98, shvagireva.sv@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1878-6025
Elena G. Khilkevich, Dr. Med. Sci., Obstetrician-Gynecologist at the Department of Surgery, V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia,
117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparina str., 4, e_khilkevich@oparina4.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8826-8439
Vyacheslav V. Chursin, Surgeon at the Department of Surgery, V.I. Kulakov NMRC OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia, 117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4,
v_chursin@oparina4.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9952-6629
Mikhail V. Melnikov, PhD, Head in Clinical Work, Department of Surgery, V.I. Kulakov NMRC OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia,
117997, Russia, Moscow, Ac. Oparin str., 4, m_melnikov@oparina4.ru
Roman B. Matronitsky, Endoscopist, Department of Surgery, Academician V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia,
117997, Russia, Moscow, Oparina str., 4, r_matronitskiy@oparina4.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8739-5209

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